According to models, by the end of the 21st century, the area of territories where elephant raids on crops are likely to occur may increase by about twofold, as stated in a study published in PNAS Nexus. Researchers analyzed data on crop damage incidents in community conservation areas of Namibia from 2004 to 2020. Causal analysis and machine learning methods were used to identify key factors of conflict. The main reasons for the increase in elephant attacks on people and farms are: population growth expansion of arable land aridification (decrease in moisture) caused by climate change For many farmers, even individual raids can have severe financial consequences. Conflicts between elephants and people are most likely in Namibia, northern Botswana, and certain areas of Angola and Zambia. The likelihood of crop damage by elephants will increase under all climate scenarios. Climate change will reduce the availability of natural forage for elephants, while land development will intensify pressure on their habitats.